wheat straw (#992)
ID-number | #992 |
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Material | wheat straw |
Classification | ECN Phyllis classification ▸ straw (stalk/cob/ear) ▸ wheat ▸ wheat straw |
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [220] stro ▸ [223] tarwestro | |
Ash type | ASTM D1102 600 oC |
Submitter organisation | ECN (Netherlands) |
Remarks | California, Jenkins, field sample |
Literature | T. R. Miles, T. R. Miles,Jr, L. Baxter, R. W. Bryers, B. M. Jenkins and L. L. Oden: Alkali deposits found in biomass power plants. A preliminary investigation of their extend and nature, NREL/TP-433-8142, 82 p. (1995). |
Values
Property | Unit | Value | Std dev | Det lim | Lab | Date | Method | Remarks | ||||||||||||
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ar | dry | daf | ||||||||||||||||||
Main biomass properties |
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Proximate analysis |
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Moisture content | wt% | 7.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ash content | wt% | 6.53 | 7.02 | |||||||||||||||||
Volatile matter | wt% | 69.97 | 75.27 | 80.95 | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed carbon | wt% | 16.46 | 17.71 | 19.05 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Ultimate analysis (macroelements) |
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Carbon | wt% | 41.76 | 44.92 | 48.31 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Hydrogen | wt% | 5.08 | 5.46 | 5.87 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Oxygen | wt% | 38.83 | 41.77 | 44.92 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Nitrogen | wt% | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.47 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Sulphur | wt% | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Total (with halides) | wt% | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Halides |
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Chlorine (Cl) | mg/kg | 2 138.1 | 2 300.0 | 2 473.7 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Heating value |
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Net calorific value (LHV) | MJ/kg | 15.40 | 16.75 | 18.02 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross calorific value (HHV) | MJ/kg | 16.68 | 17.94 | 19.30 | ||||||||||||||||
HHVMilne | MJ/kg | 16.16 | 17.38 | 18.69 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Ash Properties |
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Ash composition |
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SO3 | wt% (ash) | 4.40 | ||||||||||||||||||
P2O5 | wt% (ash) | 1.26 | ||||||||||||||||||
SiO2 | wt% (ash) | 55.32 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fe2O3 | wt% (ash) | 0.73 | ||||||||||||||||||
Al2O3 | wt% (ash) | 1.88 | ||||||||||||||||||
CaO | wt% (ash) | 6.14 | ||||||||||||||||||
MgO | wt% (ash) | 1.06 | ||||||||||||||||||
Na2O | wt% (ash) | 1.71 | ||||||||||||||||||
K2O | wt% (ash) | 25.60 | ||||||||||||||||||
TiO2 | wt% (ash) | 0.08 |