Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
22.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
19.53 |
25.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
45.34 |
58.50 |
78.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
12.63 |
16.30 |
21.79 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
30.26 |
39.04 |
52.19 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
3.30 |
4.26 |
5.70 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
23.58 |
30.43 |
40.68 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.64 |
0.83 |
1.11 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.12 |
0.15 |
0.20 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.01 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
697.5 |
900.0 |
1 203.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
|
32.6 |
42.0 |
56.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
10.74 |
14.57 |
19.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
12.01 |
15.50 |
20.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
11.56 |
14.92 |
19.94 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3 400.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
18.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Boron (B) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
18.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
940.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
13 000.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
14.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
110.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
170.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
7 100.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 800.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
170.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Molybdenium (Mo) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 200.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
28.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
270.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 700.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Antimony (Sb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Selenium (Se) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
8 100.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Tin (Sn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
59.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
450.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|