Phyllis2

switchgrass (#896)

ID-number	#896
Material	switchgrass
Classification	ECN Phyllis classification ▸ grass/plant ▸ switch grass ▸ switchgrass
Classification	NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [210] gras ▸ [219] overig gras
Ash type	ASTM D1102 600 oC
Submitter organisation	ECN (Netherlands)
Remarks	Battelle Columbus Laboratories, gasification test fuel
Literature	T. R. Miles, T. R. Miles,Jr, L. Baxter, R. W. Bryers, B. M. Jenkins and L. L. Oden: Alkali deposits found in biomass power plants. A preliminary investigation of their extend and nature, NREL/TP-433-8142, 82 p. (1995).

Property			Unit	Value			Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Property			Unit	ar	dry	daf	Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Main biomass properties
	Proximate analysis
		Moisture content	wt%	9.84
		Ash content	wt%	8.09	8.97
		Volatile matter	wt%	69.14	76.69	84.25
		Fixed carbon	wt%	12.93	14.34	15.75					Calculated
	Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
		Carbon	wt%	42.09	46.68	51.28					Measured
		Hydrogen	wt%	5.25	5.82	6.39					Measured
		Oxygen	wt%	33.70	37.38	41.06					Calculated
		Nitrogen	wt%	0.69	0.77	0.85					Measured
		Sulphur	wt%	0.17	0.19	0.21					Measured
		Total (with halides)	wt%	100.00	100.00	100.00					Calculated
	Halides
		Chlorine (Cl)	mg/kg	1 713.0	1 900.0	2 087.2					Measured
	Heating value
		Net calorific value (LHV)	MJ/kg	14.90	16.79	18.45
		Gross calorific value (HHV)	MJ/kg	16.29	18.06	19.84
		HHV_Milne	MJ/kg	17.06	18.92	20.79					Calculated
Ash Properties
	Ash composition
		SO₃	wt% (ash)	0.44
		Cl	wt% (ash)	0.10
		P₂O₅	wt% (ash)	4.50
		SiO₂	wt% (ash)	65.18
		Fe₂O₃	wt% (ash)	2.03
		Al₂O₃	wt% (ash)	4.51
		CaO	wt% (ash)	5.60
		MgO	wt% (ash)	3.00
		Na₂O	wt% (ash)	0.58
		K₂O	wt% (ash)	11.60
		TiO₂	wt% (ash)	0.24