corn stover (#889)

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ID-number#889
Materialcorn stover
Classification ECN Phyllis classification ▸ straw (stalk/cob/ear) ▸ maize/corn ▸ corn stover
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [240] gewassen ▸ [241] mais
Sample lot sizemesh -4+16 (tot 1.2 mm)
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Remarksbiochem. comp.: 13.5% rest (extractives) and 7.4% ash.
LiteratureR. J. Evans, A. R. Knight, M. Onischak and S. P. Babu: Development of biomass gasification to produce substitute fuels, Richland, Washington, USA, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), PNL--6518, 14 p. (1988).

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% 5.00
Ash content wt% 6.98 7.35
Volatile matter wt% 74.20 78.10 84.30
Fixed carbon wt% 13.82 14.55 15.70 Calculated

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 44.18 46.50 50.19 Measured
Hydrogen wt% 5.52 5.81 6.27 Measured
Nitrogen wt% 0.53 0.56 0.60 Measured
Sulphur wt% 0.10 0.11 0.12 Measured
Oxygen wt% 37.69 39.67 42.82 Calculated
Total (with halides) wt% 100.00 100.00 100.00 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 16.72 17.73 19.13
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 18.05 19.00 20.50
HHVMilne MJ/kg 17.68 18.61 20.09 Calculated

Chemical Analyses

Halides
Chlorine (Cl) mg/kg 0.0 0.0 0.0 Measured

Biochemical composition
Cellulose wt% (dry) 36.80 Measured
Hemicellulose wt% (dry) 25.40 Measured
Lignin wt% (dry) 16.90 Measured
Total ash + biochemical wt% (dry) 86.45 Calculated

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 1 277
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 1 500
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 500
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 500

American standard method, measured in reducing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 1 232
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 1 500
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 500
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 500

Commonly used properties
Bulk density (ar) kg/m³ (ar) 126