Phyllis2 - wheat straw (#760)

wheat straw (#760)

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ID-number	#760
Material	wheat straw
Classification	ECN Phyllis classification ▸ straw (stalk/cob/ear) ▸ wheat ▸ wheat straw
Classification	NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [220] stro ▸ [223] tarwestro
Sample lot size	15 x 2 x 0.3 mm
Ash type	gasifier was used to prepare (700 degree Celcius) ash
Submitter organisation	ECN (Netherlands)
Literature	A. E. Ghaly, A. Ergüdenler and E. Laufer: Agglomeration characteristics of alumina sand-straw ash mixtures at elevated temperatures. Biomass and Bioenergy 5 (6) pp. 467-480 (1993).

Values

Property											Unit	Value			Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Property											Unit	ar	dry	daf	Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Fuel Properties
	Proximate Analysis
		Moisture content									wt%	10.50
		Ash content									wt%	3.05	3.41
		Volatile matter									wt%	70.53	78.80	81.58
		Fixed carbon									wt%	15.92	17.79	18.42					Calculated
	Ultimate Analysis
		Carbon									wt%	41.14	45.97	47.59					Measured
		Hydrogen									wt%	5.17	5.78	5.98					Measured
		Nitrogen									wt%	0.49	0.55	0.57					Measured
		Sulphur									wt%	0.11	0.12	0.12					Measured
		Oxygen									wt%	39.51	44.15	45.71					Calculated
		Total (with halides)									wt%	100.00	100.00	100.00					Calculated
	Calorific Values
		Net calorific value (LHV)									MJ/kg	16.49	18.71	19.37
		Gross calorific value (HHV)									MJ/kg	17.87	19.97	20.68
		HHV_Milne									MJ/kg	16.03	17.91	18.54					Calculated
Chemical Analyses
	Halides
		Chlorine (Cl)									mg/kg	179.0	200.0	207.1					Measured
Physical Properties
	Commonly used properties
		Bulk density (daf)									kg/m³ (daf)	78
Ash Properties
	Ash composition
		SO₃									wt% (ash)	2.47
		P₂O₅									wt% (ash)	6.50
		SiO₂									wt% (ash)	27.26
		Fe₂O₃									wt% (ash)	0.76
		Al₂O₃									wt% (ash)	0.73
		CaO									wt% (ash)	10.79
		MgO									wt% (ash)	4.19
		Na₂O									wt% (ash)	0.97
		K₂O									wt% (ash)	36.15