Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
21.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
0.97 |
1.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
62.96 |
80.10 |
81.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
14.67 |
18.67 |
18.90 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
39.14 |
49.80 |
50.42 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.59 |
5.84 |
5.91 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
33.68 |
42.85 |
43.38 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.15 |
0.19 |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.04 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
275.1 |
350.0 |
354.4 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
|
15.7 |
20.0 |
20.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
14.04 |
18.53 |
18.76 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.56 |
19.80 |
20.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
15.35 |
19.52 |
19.77 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
150.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
220.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2 200.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
30.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
28.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
480.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
370.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
250.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
92.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
210.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
46.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
120.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
270.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Tin (Sn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
13.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
340.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Commonly used properties
|
| |
Bulk density (ar) |
kg/m³
(ar)
|
130 |
|
|
|
|
|
|