Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
47.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
18.52 |
35.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
26.77 |
50.60 |
77.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
7.62 |
14.40 |
22.15 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
18.61 |
35.18 |
54.12 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
1.99 |
3.77 |
5.80 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
13.27 |
25.08 |
38.59 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.45 |
0.86 |
1.32 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.04 |
0.08 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
127.0 |
240.0 |
369.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
|
21.2 |
40.0 |
61.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
5.40 |
12.38 |
19.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
6.98 |
13.20 |
20.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
7.15 |
13.52 |
20.81 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Commonly used properties
|
| |
Bulk density (ar) |
kg/m³
(ar)
|
250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|