Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
9.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
27.75 |
30.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
52.88 |
58.50 |
84.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
9.76 |
10.80 |
15.58 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
33.00 |
36.50 |
52.67 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.70 |
5.20 |
7.50 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
18.71 |
20.70 |
29.87 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
5.06 |
5.60 |
8.08 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
1.08 |
1.19 |
1.72 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
904.0 |
1 000.0 |
1 443.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
|
108.5 |
120.0 |
173.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
13.47 |
15.17 |
21.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
14.74 |
16.30 |
23.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
14.39 |
15.92 |
22.97 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Commonly used properties
|
| |
Bulk density (ar) |
kg/m³
(ar)
|
700 |
|
|
|
|
|
|