Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
8.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
0.55 |
0.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
71.41 |
77.70 |
78.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
19.94 |
21.70 |
21.83 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
42.55 |
46.30 |
46.58 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.42 |
5.90 |
5.94 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
40.97 |
44.58 |
44.85 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
2.39 |
2.60 |
2.62 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
183.8 |
200.0 |
201.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.00 |
18.71 |
18.83 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
18.38 |
20.00 |
20.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
16.47 |
17.92 |
18.03 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
37.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
68.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 200.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
54.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
77.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
450.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
200.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
73.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
970.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
32.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
98.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
15.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
22.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Commonly used properties
|
| |
Bulk density (ar) |
kg/m³
(ar)
|
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|