Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
(ar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
|
9.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
|
46.76 |
51.68 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
|
5.30 |
5.86 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
|
34.00 |
37.58 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
|
3.59 |
3.97 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
|
0.32 |
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
|
5 100.0 |
5 636.6 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
17.75 |
19.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
18.93 |
20.92 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
|
18.33 |
20.26 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
10.4 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
890 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
980 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 090 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 170 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.95 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.82 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
7.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
30.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
12.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.29 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
27.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Pb |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cd |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cu |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
69.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Hg |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|