Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
45.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
2.67 |
4.86 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
26.06 |
47.39 |
49.81 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
2.98 |
5.41 |
5.69 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
22.86 |
41.57 |
43.69 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.27 |
0.49 |
0.52 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.03 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
1 210.0 |
2 200.0 |
2 312.4 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
8.72 |
17.86 |
18.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
10.48 |
19.05 |
20.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
10.01 |
18.20 |
19.13 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
970 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 080 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 220 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
70.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
5.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.95 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
9.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|