Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
41.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
2.56 |
4.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
28.11 |
47.64 |
49.80 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
3.23 |
5.47 |
5.72 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
24.60 |
41.69 |
43.58 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.29 |
0.49 |
0.51 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.04 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
1 829.0 |
3 100.0 |
3 240.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
9.43 |
17.68 |
18.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
11.14 |
18.88 |
19.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
10.83 |
18.36 |
19.19 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
870 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 030 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 130 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
74.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
6.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
9.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|