Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
(ar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
|
5.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
|
46.42 |
49.08 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
|
5.58 |
5.90 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
|
41.03 |
43.38 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
|
1.12 |
1.18 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
|
0.07 |
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
|
3 600.0 |
3 806.3 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
17.02 |
18.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
18.25 |
19.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
|
18.07 |
19.11 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
950 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 050 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 070 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 130 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
6.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
46.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
8.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
4.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
28.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Pb |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cd |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cu |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
95.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Hg |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|