rye straw (#548)

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ID-number#548
Materialrye straw
Classification ECN Phyllis classification ▸ straw (stalk/cob/ear) ▸ rye ▸ rye straw
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [220] stro ▸ [229] overig stro
Ash typelaboratory
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Literaturehttp://edv1.vt.tuwien.ac.at/AG_HOFBA/BIOBIB/Biobib.htm (1997).

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% (ar)
Ash content wt% 3.98

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 47.66 49.64 Unknown
Hydrogen wt% 5.62 5.85 Unknown
Nitrogen wt% 0.24 0.25 Unknown
Sulphur wt% 0.04 0.04 Unknown
Oxygen wt% 42.40 44.16 Calculated
Total (with halides) wt% 100.00 100.00 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 17.75 18.49
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 18.99 19.78
HHVMilne MJ/kg 18.51 19.28 Calculated

Chemical Analyses

Halides
Chlorine (Cl) mg/kg 600.0 624.9 Unknown

Minor elements
Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg (dry) 0.1 Unknown
Copper (Cu) mg/kg (dry) 1.3 Unknown
Lead (Pb) mg/kg (dry) 1.1 Unknown
Mercury (Hg) mg/kg (dry) 0.0 Unknown

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 880
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 1 120
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 270
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 320

Ash Properties

Ash composition
CO2 wt% (ash) 0.37
SO3 wt% (ash) 0.55
Cl wt% (ash) 0.13
P2O5 wt% (ash) 0.64
SiO2 wt% (ash) 67.90
Fe2O3 wt% (ash) 0.18
Al2O3 wt% (ash) 0.26
CaO wt% (ash) 2.96
MgO wt% (ash) 1.00
Na2O wt% (ash) 0.04
K2O wt% (ash) 2.10
Pb mg/kg (ash) 5.0
Cd mg/kg (ash) 0.0
Cu mg/kg (ash) 25.0
Hg mg/kg (ash) 0.0