rye straw (#547)

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ID-number#547
Materialrye straw
Classification ECN Phyllis classification ▸ straw (stalk/cob/ear) ▸ rye ▸ rye straw
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [220] stro ▸ [229] overig stro
Ash typelaboratory
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Literaturehttp://edv1.vt.tuwien.ac.at/AG_HOFBA/BIOBIB/Biobib.htm (1997).

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% (ar)
Ash content wt% 4.57

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 47.49 49.76 Unknown
Hydrogen wt% 5.29 5.54 Unknown
Nitrogen wt% 0.46 0.48 Unknown
Sulphur wt% 0.06 0.06 Unknown
Oxygen wt% 41.73 43.73 Calculated
Total (with halides) wt% 100.00 100.00 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 17.63 18.47
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 18.79 19.69
HHVMilne MJ/kg 18.06 18.93 Calculated

Chemical Analyses

Halides
Chlorine (Cl) mg/kg 4 000.0 4 191.6 Unknown

Minor elements
Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg (dry) 0.0 Unknown
Copper (Cu) mg/kg (dry) 2.3 Unknown
Lead (Pb) mg/kg (dry) 0.1 Unknown
Mercury (Hg) mg/kg (dry) 0.0 Unknown

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 840
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 850
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 030
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 100

Ash Properties

Ash composition
CO2 wt% (ash) 7.10
SO3 wt% (ash) 4.19
Cl wt% (ash) 7.15
P2O5 wt% (ash) 4.85
SiO2 wt% (ash) 23.20
Fe2O3 wt% (ash) 0.22
Al2O3 wt% (ash) 0.23
CaO wt% (ash) 9.70
MgO wt% (ash) 1.87
Na2O wt% (ash) 0.12
K2O wt% (ash) 28.90
Pb mg/kg (ash) 3.0
Cd mg/kg (ash) 0.1
Cu mg/kg (ash) 34.0
Hg mg/kg (ash) 0.0