Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
(ar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
|
5.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
|
48.83 |
51.44 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
|
4.60 |
4.85 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
|
41.04 |
43.24 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
|
0.33 |
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
|
0.08 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
|
400.0 |
421.4 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
19.02 |
20.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
19.94 |
21.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
|
17.70 |
18.65 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 320 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 410 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
5.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.67 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
26.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.59 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
35.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
4.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Pb |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
71.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cd |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
14.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cu |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
184.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Hg |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|