oat straw (#535)

ID-number#535
Materialoat straw
Classification ECN Phyllis classification ▸ straw (stalk/cob/ear) ▸ others ▸ oat straw
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [220] stro ▸ [229] overig stro
Ash typelaboratory
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Literaturehttp://edv1.vt.tuwien.ac.at/AG_HOFBA/BIOBIB/Biobib.htm (1997).

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% (ar)
Ash content wt% 7.82

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 46.32 50.25 Unknown
Hydrogen wt% 4.90 5.32 Unknown
Nitrogen wt% 0.69 0.75 Unknown
Sulphur wt% 0.11 0.12 Unknown
Oxygen wt% 38.66 41.94 Calculated
Total (with halides) wt% 100.00 100.00 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 17.01 18.45
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 18.09 19.62
HHVMilne MJ/kg 17.45 18.93 Calculated

Chemical Analyses

Halides
Chlorine (Cl) mg/kg 15 000.0 16 272.5 Unknown

Minor elements
Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg (dry) 0.0 Unknown
Copper (Cu) mg/kg (dry) 2.7 Unknown
Lead (Pb) mg/kg (dry) 0.1 Unknown
Mercury (Hg) mg/kg (dry) 0.0 Unknown

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 910
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 930
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 950
FT (fluid temperature) °C 970

Ash Properties

Ash composition
CO2 wt% (ash) 6.70
SO3 wt% (ash) 2.97
Cl wt% (ash) 13.10
P2O5 wt% (ash) 1.77
SiO2 wt% (ash) 16.90
Fe2O3 wt% (ash) 0.42
Al2O3 wt% (ash) 0.61
CaO wt% (ash) 6.90
MgO wt% (ash) 1.72
Na2O wt% (ash) 7.52
K2O wt% (ash) 31.80
Pb mg/kg (ash) 2.0
Cd mg/kg (ash) 0.0
Cu mg/kg (ash) 26.0
Hg mg/kg (ash) 0.0