Main biomass properties
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|
Proximate analysis
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| |
Moisture content |
wt%
(ar)
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
|
2.69 |
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|
|
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Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
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| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
|
48.24 |
49.57 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
|
5.50 |
5.65 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
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| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
|
42.41 |
43.58 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
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| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
|
0.78 |
0.80 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
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| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
|
0.04 |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
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| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
|
3 400.0 |
3 494.0 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
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|
Heating value
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| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
17.71 |
18.20 |
|
|
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|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
18.92 |
19.44 |
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|
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|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
|
18.50 |
19.01 |
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|
|
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Calculated |
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|
Trace elements composition
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| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
4.7 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6.4 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
830 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
960 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 050 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 130 |
|
|
|
|
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|
Ash Properties
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|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.79 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
9.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
31.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.73 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
38.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Pb |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
255.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cd |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cu |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
270.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Hg |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
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|