Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
8.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
21.50 |
23.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
35.70 |
38.80 |
50.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
34.80 |
37.83 |
49.37 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
34.83 |
37.86 |
49.40 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.37 |
4.75 |
6.20 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
30.81 |
33.49 |
43.70 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.21 |
0.23 |
0.30 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.28 |
0.31 |
0.40 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
11.10 |
12.27 |
16.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
12.25 |
13.31 |
17.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
13.70 |
14.89 |
19.43 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
95.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|