barley (#432)

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ID-number#432
Materialbarley
Classification ECN Phyllis classification ▸ straw (stalk/cob/ear) ▸ barley ▸ barley
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [220] stro ▸ [222] gerstestro
Ash typelaboratory
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Literaturehttp://edv1.vt.tuwien.ac.at/AG_HOFBA/BIOBIB/Biobib.htm (1997).

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% (ar)
Ash content wt% 4.86

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 46.79 49.18 Unknown
Hydrogen wt% 5.53 5.81 Unknown
Nitrogen wt% 0.41 0.43 Unknown
Sulphur wt% 0.06 0.06 Unknown
Oxygen wt% 41.94 44.08 Calculated
Total (with halides) wt% 100.00 100.00 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 17.56 18.46
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 18.78 19.74
HHVMilne MJ/kg 18.12 19.04 Calculated

Chemical Analyses

Halides
Chlorine (Cl) mg/kg 4 100.0 4 309.4 Unknown

Minor elements
Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg (dry) 0.1 Unknown
Copper (Cu) mg/kg (dry) 2.6 Unknown
Lead (Pb) mg/kg (dry) 2.8 Unknown
Mercury (Hg) mg/kg (dry) 0.0 Unknown

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 900
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 1 000
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 110
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 180

Ash Properties

Ash composition
CO2 wt% (ash) 0.59
SO3 wt% (ash) 0.91
Cl wt% (ash) 2.25
P2O5 wt% (ash) 1.22
SiO2 wt% (ash) 59.40
Fe2O3 wt% (ash) 0.22
Al2O3 wt% (ash) 0.38
CaO wt% (ash) 5.10
MgO wt% (ash) 0.77
Na2O wt% (ash) 0.26
K2O wt% (ash) 5.60
Pb mg/kg (ash) 8.0
Cd mg/kg (ash) 0.0
Cu mg/kg (ash) 57.0
Hg mg/kg (ash) 0.0