Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
54.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
2.70 |
5.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
34.80 |
75.65 |
80.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
8.50 |
18.48 |
19.63 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
22.08 |
48.01 |
51.00 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
2.42 |
5.27 |
5.60 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
17.97 |
39.06 |
41.50 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.78 |
1.69 |
1.80 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.04 |
0.09 |
0.10 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
6.34 |
16.66 |
17.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
8.19 |
17.81 |
18.92 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
8.45 |
18.37 |
19.52 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 236 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 244 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 252 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
56.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
8.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
5.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|