Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
(ar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
|
45.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
|
28.30 |
52.21 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
|
4.07 |
7.51 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
|
17.55 |
32.37 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
|
2.96 |
5.46 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
|
1.25 |
2.31 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
|
748.0 |
1 380.1 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
10.60 |
19.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
12.10 |
22.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
|
12.28 |
22.65 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 120 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 180 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 290 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 320 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
13.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
19.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
18.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
6.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
20.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Pb |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
978.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cd |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
24.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cu |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
914.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cr |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
151.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|