Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
(ar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
|
6.86 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
|
44.83 |
48.13 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
|
5.17 |
5.55 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
|
41.92 |
45.01 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
|
0.99 |
1.06 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
|
0.07 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
|
1 600.0 |
1 717.8 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
16.46 |
17.67 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
17.59 |
18.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
|
16.88 |
18.12 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.9 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 750 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
15.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
4.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
10.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
31.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
21.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Pb |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cd |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cu |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
41.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Hg |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|