Main biomass properties
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|
Proximate analysis
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| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
9.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
2.57 |
2.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
68.70 |
76.08 |
78.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
19.03 |
21.07 |
21.69 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
43.78 |
48.48 |
49.90 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.53 |
6.12 |
6.30 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
37.46 |
41.48 |
42.70 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.88 |
0.97 |
1.00 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.09 |
0.10 |
0.10 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.56 |
17.49 |
18.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.00 |
18.83 |
19.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
17.60 |
19.49 |
20.06 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 390 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
7.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
12.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
42.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|