Main biomass properties
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|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
10.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content at 550°C |
wt%
|
7.98 |
8.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
63.15 |
70.40 |
77.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
18.57 |
20.70 |
22.72 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
41.44 |
46.20 |
50.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.84 |
5.40 |
5.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
33.87 |
37.76 |
41.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.97 |
1.08 |
1.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.13 |
0.14 |
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
99.99 |
99.99 |
99.99 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
4 574.7 |
5 100.0 |
5 598.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.31 |
17.35 |
19.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
16.63 |
18.54 |
20.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
16.25 |
18.12 |
19.89 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
510.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3 900.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
67.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
191.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
870.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
28 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2 200.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
73.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
370.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 400.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
9 800.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
32.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
404.0 |
|
|
|
|
ICP/OES |
|