Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
7.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content at 550°C |
wt%
|
4.97 |
5.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
67.00 |
72.51 |
76.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
20.43 |
22.11 |
23.37 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
47.30 |
51.19 |
54.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.23 |
5.66 |
5.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
34.40 |
37.23 |
39.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.42 |
0.45 |
0.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.07 |
0.08 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
99.99 |
99.99 |
99.99 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.20 |
18.82 |
19.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
18.54 |
20.06 |
21.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
18.80 |
20.34 |
21.50 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
European standard method
|
| | |
DEF (deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HE (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 490 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FL (flow temperature) |
°C
|
>1530 |
|
|
|
|
|
|