Spruce bark (#3566)

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ID-number#3566
MaterialSpruce bark
DescriptionSample acquired in the frame of the EU H2020 project Biofficiency Pretreatment: no
Classification ECN Phyllis classification ▸ untreated wood ▸ bark ▸ bark, spruce
ProducerEU H2020 project Biofficiency
Production date2017-02-01
SubmitterLydia Fryda
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Submission date2019-09-05

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% 8.70
Volatile matter wt% 77.63 85.03 88.35
Ash content at 550°C wt% 3.43 3.76
Fixed carbon wt% 10.23 11.21 11.65 Calculated

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 48.10 52.68 54.74
Hydrogen wt% 6.14 6.73 6.99
Nitrogen wt% 0.37 0.41 0.43
Sulphur wt% 0.16 0.17 0.18
Oxygen wt% 33.10 36.25 37.67
Total (with halides) wt% 100.00 100.00 100.00 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 17.22 19.09 19.84
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 18.78 20.57 21.37
HHVMilne MJ/kg 20.47 22.42 23.29 Calculated

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

European standard method
DEF (deformation temperature) °C 1 304
HE (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 453
FL (flow temperature) °C 1 457