Phyllis2 - almond shells (hulls) (#352)

almond shells (hulls) (#352)

ID-number	#352
Material	almond shells (hulls)
Classification	ECN Phyllis classification ▸ husk/shell/pit ▸ almond ▸ almond shells (hulls)
Classification	NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [230] restproducten (doppen) ▸ [235] amandeldoppen
Ash type	ASTM D1102; 600C ASTM D 1102, 600 Degree Celcius
Submitter organisation	ECN (Netherlands)
Literature	T. R. Miles, T. R. Miles,Jr, L. Baxter, R. W. Bryers, B. M. Jenkins and L. L. Oden: Alkali deposits found in biomass power plants. A preliminary investigation of their extend and nature, NREL/TP-433-8142, 82 p. (1995).

Values

Property											Unit	Value			Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Property											Unit	ar	dry	daf	Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Fuel Properties
	Proximate Analysis
		Moisture content									wt%	6.52
		Ash content									wt%	5.73	6.13
		Volatile matter									wt%	68.99	73.80	78.62
		Fixed carbon									wt%	18.76	20.07	21.38					Calculated
	Ultimate Analysis
		Carbon									wt%	44.43	47.53	50.63					Measured
		Hydrogen									wt%	5.58	5.97	6.36					Measured
		Nitrogen									wt%	1.06	1.13	1.20					Measured
		Sulphur									wt%	0.06	0.06	0.06					Measured
		Oxygen									wt%	36.61	39.16	41.72					Calculated
		Total (with halides)									wt%	100.00	100.00	100.00					Calculated
	Calorific Values
		Net calorific value (LHV)									MJ/kg	16.29	17.60	18.75
		Gross calorific value (HHV)									MJ/kg	17.67	18.90	20.14
		HHV_Milne									MJ/kg	17.93	19.18	20.43					Calculated
Chemical Analyses
	Halides
		Chlorine (Cl)									mg/kg	187.0	200.0	213.1					Measured
Ash Properties
	Ash composition
		CO₂									wt% (ash)	20.12
		SO₃									wt% (ash)	0.34
		P₂O₅									wt% (ash)	5.10
		SiO₂									wt% (ash)	9.28
		Fe₂O₃									wt% (ash)	0.76
		Al₂O₃									wt% (ash)	2.09
		CaO									wt% (ash)	8.07
		MgO									wt% (ash)	3.31
		Na₂O									wt% (ash)	0.87
		K₂O									wt% (ash)	52.90
		TiO₂									wt% (ash)	0.05