Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
9.90 |
|
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 14774-1,2,3 |
|
| |
Ash content at 815°C |
wt%
|
9.28 |
10.30 |
|
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
33.79 |
37.50 |
41.81 |
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
47.03 |
52.20 |
58.19 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
66.67 |
74.00 |
82.50 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.60 |
5.10 |
5.69 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
2.16 |
2.40 |
2.68 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.28 |
0.31 |
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
CEN/TS15289 |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
92.89 |
92.11 |
91.20 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
25.74 |
28.84 |
32.15 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 14918 |
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
26.98 |
29.94 |
33.38 |
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
European standard method
|
| | |
SH (shrinkage temperature) |
°C
|
1 180 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
DEF (deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HE (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 270 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FL (flow temperature) |
°C
|
1 400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|