Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
11.80 |
|
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 14774-1,2,3 |
|
| |
Ash content at 815°C |
wt%
|
7.76 |
8.80 |
|
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
33.43 |
37.90 |
41.56 |
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
47.01 |
53.30 |
58.44 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
65.71 |
74.50 |
81.69 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.32 |
4.90 |
5.37 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
1.32 |
1.50 |
1.64 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.64 |
0.72 |
0.79 |
|
|
|
|
CEN/TS15289 |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
91.55 |
90.42 |
89.50 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
25.28 |
28.99 |
31.79 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 14918 |
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
26.51 |
30.06 |
32.96 |
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
European standard method
|
| | |
SH (shrinkage temperature) |
°C
|
1 300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
DEF (deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 380 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HE (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 410 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FL (flow temperature) |
°C
|
1 440 |
|
|
|
|
|
|