Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
7.40 |
|
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 14774-1,2,3 |
|
| |
Ash content at 815°C |
wt%
|
7.78 |
8.40 |
|
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
35.56 |
38.40 |
41.92 |
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
49.26 |
53.20 |
58.08 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
72.51 |
78.30 |
85.48 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.82 |
5.20 |
5.68 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
1.39 |
1.50 |
1.64 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
2.20 |
2.38 |
2.60 |
|
|
|
|
CEN/TS15289 |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
96.09 |
95.78 |
95.39 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
28.66 |
31.15 |
34.01 |
|
|
VTT |
|
CEN/TS 14918 |
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
29.89 |
32.28 |
35.24 |
|
|
VTT |
|
|
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
European standard method
|
| | |
SH (shrinkage temperature) |
°C
|
1 240 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
DEF (deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 310 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HE (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 330 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FL (flow temperature) |
°C
|
1 360 |
|
|
|
|
|
|