Fuel Properties
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|
Proximate Analysis
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| |
Moisture content |
wt%
(ar)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
|
76.70 |
81.68 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
|
| |
Ash content at 550°C |
wt%
|
|
6.10 |
|
|
|
TUT |
|
CEN/TS 14775 |
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
|
17.20 |
18.32 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate Analysis
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
|
46.52 |
49.54 |
|
|
TUT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
|
8.22 |
8.75 |
|
|
TUT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
|
1.32 |
1.41 |
|
|
TUT |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
|
0.14 |
0.15 |
|
|
TUT |
|
CEN/TS15289 |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
|
62.30 |
59.85 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Calorific Values
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
|
18.79 |
20.01 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
|
Chemical Analyses
|
|
Major elements
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
391.0 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
13 414.0 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
534.0 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2 558.0 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
12 649.0 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 140.0 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
166.0 |
|
|
TUT |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
Physical Properties
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
European standard method
|
| | |
SH (shrinkage temperature) |
°C
|
750 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
DEF (deformation temperature) |
°C
|
895 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HE (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 090 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FL (flow temperature) |
°C
|
1 185 |
|
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