Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
8.13 |
|
|
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
CEN/TS 14774-1,2,3 |
CEN/TS 14774-:2004 1 Solid biofuels - Methods for determination of moisture content - Oven dry method - Part 1: Total moisture - Reference method |
| |
Ash content at 550°C |
wt%
|
1.70 |
1.85 |
|
12.69 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
CEN/TS 14775 |
CEN/TS 14775 2004 Solid biofuels - Method for the determination of ash content |
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
76.52 |
83.29 |
84.86 |
0.60 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
|
CEN/TS 15148:2005 |
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
13.65 |
14.86 |
15.14 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
43.18 |
47.01 |
47.89 |
0.70 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.71 |
6.22 |
6.33 |
0.70 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
41.22 |
44.87 |
45.71 |
|
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
|
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
1.40 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.01 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
3.80 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
CEN/TS15289 |
CEN/TS15289:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine |
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.28 |
19.02 |
19.38 |
0.40 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
CEN/TS 14918 |
CEN/TS 14918:2005 Solid Biofuels - Method for the determination of calorific value |
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
18.72 |
20.37 |
20.76 |
0.40 |
|
VTT |
2008-10-21 |
|
CEN/TS 14918:2005 Solid Biofuels - Method for the determination of calorific value |
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
17.30 |
18.83 |
19.19 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
European standard method
|
| | |
SH (shrinkage temperature) |
°C
|
1 100 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
DEF (deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HE (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FL (flow temperature) |
°C
|
1 340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Particle size distribution
|
| |
0.5-1.0 mm |
wt%
|
99.40 |
|
|
|
|
CEN/TS 15149-1,2 |
|