Wood chips, whole tree, pine (#3154)

ID-number#3154
MaterialWood chips, whole tree, pine
Alternative namePine
DescriptionChips
Classification CEN/TS 14961 classification ▸ Solid biofuels ▸ Woody biomass ▸ Forest and plantation wood ▸ Whole trees without roots ▸ Coniferous
ECN Phyllis classification ▸ untreated wood ▸ fir/pine/spruce ▸ wood, pine
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [100] hout ▸ [110] vers hout ▸ [130] naaldhout ▸ [131] naaldhout
Sample date1996-01-01
Sample locationFinland
Sample lot size0,2-1 m3
CountryFinland
SubmitterVTT
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Submission date2008-09-01
Remarksash data, taken from original publication, added by ECN in 2012
LiteratureC. Wilén, A. Moilanen and E. Kurkula: Biomass feedstock analyses, VTT publications 282, Espoo 1996.

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% 3.87
Volatile matter wt% 76.90 80.00 80.48
Ash content at 550°C wt% 0.58 0.60 CEN/TS 14775
Fixed carbon wt% 18.65 19.40 19.52 Calculated

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 49.80 51.80 52.11 CEN/TS 15104
Hydrogen wt% 5.86 6.10 6.14 CEN/TS 15104
Nitrogen wt% 0.29 0.30 0.30 CEN/TS 15104
Sulphur wt% 0.01 0.01 0.01 CEN/TS15289
Oxygen wt% 39.60 41.19 41.44 by difference
Total (with halides) wt% 100.00 100.00 100.00 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 18.71 19.56 19.68 CEN/TS 14918
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 20.08 20.89 21.02
HHVMilne MJ/kg 19.94 20.74 20.87 Calculated

Chemical Analyses

Halides
Chlorine (Cl) mg/kg 40.4 42.0 42.3 neutron activation

Major elements
Potassium (K) mg/kg (dry) 983.0 neutron activation
Sodium (Na) mg/kg (dry) 42.0 neutron activation

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 1 210 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 1 225 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 250 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 275 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600

American standard method, measured in reducing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 1 230 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 1 240 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 245 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 290 ASTM D 1857 Leco AF-600

Commonly used properties
Bulk density (ar) kg/m³ (ar) 238 loose, not shaken

Ash Properties

Ash composition
SO3 wt% (ash) 1.62
P2O5 wt% (ash) 4.81
SiO2 wt% (ash) 23.53
Fe2O3 wt% (ash) 2.14
Al2O3 wt% (ash) 5.10
CaO wt% (ash) 33.58
MgO wt% (ash) 5.14
Na2O wt% (ash) 0.19
K2O wt% (ash) 12.05
TiO2 wt% (ash) 0.06