Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
11.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
ISO 589 |
|
| |
Ash content at 815°C |
wt%
|
9.61 |
10.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
ISO 1171 |
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
32.22 |
36.20 |
40.58 |
|
|
|
|
CEN/TS 15148 |
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
47.17 |
53.00 |
59.42 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
62.21 |
69.90 |
78.36 |
|
|
|
|
ISO/TS 12902 |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.09 |
4.60 |
5.16 |
|
|
|
|
ISO/TS 12902 |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
10.77 |
12.10 |
13.57 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
1.96 |
2.20 |
2.47 |
|
|
|
|
ISO/TS 12902 |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.32 |
0.36 |
0.40 |
|
|
|
|
ASTM D 4239 |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
99.96 |
99.96 |
99.96 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
24.41 |
27.73 |
31.09 |
|
|
|
|
ISO 1928 |
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
25.56 |
28.72 |
32.20 |
|
|
|
|
ISO 1928 |
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
24.99 |
28.08 |
31.48 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|