Fuel Properties
|
|
Proximate Analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
5.01 |
|
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 14774-1,2,3 |
CEN/TS 14774-3:2004 Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of moisture content - Oven dry method - Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample |
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
70.67 |
74.40 |
80.08 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15148:2005 |
| |
Ash content at 550°C |
wt%
|
6.73 |
7.09 |
|
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 14775 |
CEN/TS 14775 2004 Solid biofuels - Method for the determination of ash content |
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
17.58 |
18.51 |
19.92 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate Analysis
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
42.12 |
44.34 |
47.72 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.48 |
5.77 |
6.21 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.09 |
0.10 |
0.11 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.13 |
0.13 |
0.14 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS15289 |
CEN/TS15289:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine |
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
39.11 |
41.17 |
44.31 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
99.57 |
99.54 |
99.51 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Calorific Values
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.09 |
18.00 |
19.37 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 14918:2005 Solid Biofuels - Method for the determination of calorific value |
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
16.82 |
17.70 |
19.05 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
Chemical Analyses
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
8 950.9 |
9 423.0 |
10 142.1 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15289 |
CEN/TS 15289:2006 Solid Biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine |
|
Major elements
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
114.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
13 985.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
50.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3 285.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
17 146.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
377.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
131.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
547.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
|
Minor elements
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
12.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15297:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of minor elements |
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.2 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15297:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of minor elements |
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
10.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15297:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of minor elements |