Fuel Properties
|
|
Proximate Analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
5.86 |
|
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 14774-1,2,3 |
CEN/TS 14774-3:2004 Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of moisture content - Oven dry method - Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample |
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
30.12 |
32.00 |
34.54 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15148:2005 |
| |
Ash content at 815°C |
wt%
|
6.92 |
7.35 |
|
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 14775 2004 Solid biofuels - Method for the determination of ash content |
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
57.10 |
60.65 |
65.46 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate Analysis
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
67.54 |
71.74 |
77.43 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.00 |
4.25 |
4.59 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
1.40 |
1.49 |
1.61 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15104 |
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
1.20 |
1.27 |
1.37 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS15289 |
CEN/TS15289:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine |
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
9.82 |
10.43 |
11.26 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15104:2005 Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods |
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
97.40 |
97.24 |
97.02 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Calorific Values
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
28.46 |
30.24 |
32.63 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 14918:2005 Solid Biofuels - Method for the determination of calorific value |
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
26.96 |
28.63 |
30.91 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
Chemical Analyses
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
6 695.2 |
7 112.0 |
7 676.2 |
|
|
ECN |
|
CEN/TS 15289 |
CEN/TS 15289:2006 Solid Biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine |
|
Major elements
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
8 518.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 217.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 579.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2 114.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
13 996.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
666.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6 624.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
180.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
405.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15290:2006Solid Biofuels - Determination of major elements |
|
Minor elements
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
56.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15297:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of minor elements |
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
8.7 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15297:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of minor elements |
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
12.0 |
|
|
ECN |
|
|
CEN/TS 15297:2005 Solid Biofuels - Determination of minor elements |