Fuel Properties
|
|
Proximate Analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
13.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
9.17 |
10.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
60.81 |
70.30 |
78.64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
16.52 |
19.10 |
21.36 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate Analysis
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
36.50 |
42.20 |
47.20 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
4.66 |
5.39 |
6.03 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.40 |
0.46 |
0.51 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.09 |
0.10 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
35.64 |
41.20 |
46.09 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.04 |
100.05 |
100.06 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Calorific Values
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
14.17 |
16.76 |
18.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.52 |
17.94 |
20.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
14.17 |
16.38 |
18.32 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
Chemical Analyses
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
865.0 |
1 000.0 |
1 118.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Minor elements
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
17.9 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Other elements
|
| |
Antimony (Sb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in reducing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 320 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
7.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
62.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
6.96 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
4.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
14.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
TiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|