sunflower shell (#2803)
| ID-number | #2803 |
|---|---|
| Material | sunflower shell |
| Classification | ECN Phyllis classification ▸ husk/shell/pit ▸ sunflower ▸ sunflower shell |
| NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [230] restproducten (doppen) ▸ [239] overige doppen | |
| Submitter organisation | ECN (Netherlands) |
| Submission date | 2006-07-11 |
| Remarks | Original article reports Lower Heating Value as received. May well have been HHV as received, in view of similar inaccuracy in specification of ultimate analysis. |
| Literature | G. Jang, G.A. Husseini, L.L. Baxter, M.R. Linford: Analysis of sunflower shells by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Surface Science Spectra 11 (2004) 119-126 |
Values
| Property | Unit | Value | Std dev | Det lim | Lab | Date | Method | Remarks | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ar | dry | daf | ||||||||||||||||||
Main biomass properties |
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Proximate analysis |
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| Moisture content | wt% | 9.84 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ash content | wt% | 2.52 | 2.80 | |||||||||||||||||
Ultimate analysis (macroelements) |
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| Carbon | wt% | 46.40 | 51.46 | 52.95 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Hydrogen | wt% | 5.85 | 6.49 | 6.68 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Oxygen | wt% | 34.33 | 38.08 | 39.17 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
| Nitrogen | wt% | 0.88 | 0.98 | 1.00 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Sulphur | wt% | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.21 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Total (with halides) | wt% | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.01 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Halides |
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| Chlorine (Cl) | mg/kg | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Heating value |
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| Net calorific value (LHV) | MJ/kg | 18.82 | 21.14 | 21.74 | ||||||||||||||||
| Gross calorific value (HHV) | MJ/kg | 20.33 | 22.55 | 23.20 | ||||||||||||||||
| HHVMilne | MJ/kg | 19.31 | 21.41 | 22.03 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Ash Properties |
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Ash composition |
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| SO3 | wt% (ash) | 11.70 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cl | wt% (ash) | 1.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
| P2O5 | wt% (ash) | 10.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
| SiO2 | wt% (ash) | 1.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fe2O3 | wt% (ash) | 0.90 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Al2O3 | wt% (ash) | 0.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
| CaO | wt% (ash) | 16.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
| MgO | wt% (ash) | 13.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Na2O | wt% (ash) | 0.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
| K2O | wt% (ash) | 45.10 | ||||||||||||||||||