Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
2.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
8.65 |
8.91 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
83.36 |
85.84 |
94.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
5.10 |
5.25 |
5.76 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
60.79 |
62.60 |
68.72 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
13.41 |
13.81 |
15.16 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
13.94 |
14.35 |
15.75 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.32 |
0.33 |
0.36 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.00 |
100.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
25.83 |
26.67 |
29.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
28.83 |
29.69 |
32.59 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
36.63 |
37.72 |
41.41 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 420 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.92 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
15.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
12.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
43.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
TiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
18.78 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Mn |
mg/kg
(ash)
|
400.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|