Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
5.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content at 550°C |
wt%
|
1.26 |
1.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content at 815°C |
wt%
|
0.80 |
0.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
71.65 |
75.90 |
76.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
21.49 |
22.76 |
23.07 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
52.20 |
55.30 |
56.05 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.29 |
5.60 |
5.68 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
37.67 |
39.90 |
40.44 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.21 |
0.22 |
0.22 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
102.25 |
102.38 |
102.42 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
68.0 |
72.0 |
73.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
|
3.5 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
19.09 |
20.37 |
20.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
20.38 |
21.59 |
21.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
20.23 |
21.43 |
21.72 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
42.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Boron (B) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
5.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
15.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3 900.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
42.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 450.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
460.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
64.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Molybdenium (Mo) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
12.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
106.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Antimony (Sb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
9.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Selenium (Se) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
182.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Tin (Sn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|