Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
10.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
0.93 |
1.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
74.53 |
83.00 |
83.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
14.33 |
15.96 |
16.13 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
43.82 |
48.80 |
49.31 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.39 |
6.00 |
6.06 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
39.96 |
44.50 |
44.97 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.13 |
0.14 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.02 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.45 |
100.50 |
100.51 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
44.9 |
50.0 |
50.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.70 |
17.76 |
17.95 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.13 |
19.07 |
19.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
17.24 |
19.20 |
19.40 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Trace elements composition
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
48.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Boron (B) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2 707.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
24.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
27.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 173.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
365.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
51.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Molybdenium (Mo) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
13.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
88.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Antimony (Sb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Selenium (Se) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
168.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Tin (Sn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
4.4 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|