reed canary grass, stems (#2059)

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ID-number#2059
Materialreed canary grass, stems
Classification ECN Phyllis classification ▸ grass/plant ▸ reed
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [210] gras ▸ [219] overig gras
Submitter organisationECN (Netherlands)
Submission date2001-04-04
Remarksspring-harvested material from clayey silt with low humus (2% DM), pressed into briquettes. Data for stems with leaves in ID 2058 and for leaves in ID 2060. See also ID 2061, 2062.
LiteraturePaulrud,S; Nilsson,C: Briquetting and combustion of spring-harvested reed canary-grass: effect of fuel composition; Biomass & Bioenergy 20 (2001) 25-35

Values

Property Unit Value Std dev Det lim Lab Date Method Remarks
ar dry daf

Fuel Properties

Proximate Analysis
Moisture content wt% 7.20
Ash content wt% 4.92 5.30
Volatile matter wt% 74.24 80.00 84.48
Fixed carbon wt% 13.64 14.70 15.52 Calculated

Ultimate Analysis
Carbon wt% 42.69 46.00 48.57 Measured
Hydrogen wt% 5.10 5.50 5.81 Measured
Nitrogen wt% 0.19 0.20 0.21 Measured
Sulphur wt% 0.05 0.05 0.05 Measured
Oxygen wt% 39.72 42.80 45.20 Measured
Total (with halides) wt% 99.91 99.90 99.89 Calculated

Calorific Values
Net calorific value (LHV) MJ/kg 14.71 16.04 16.94
Gross calorific value (HHV) MJ/kg 16.00 17.24 18.21
HHVMilne MJ/kg 16.45 17.72 18.72 Calculated

Chemical Analyses

Halides
Chlorine (Cl) mg/kg 464.0 500.0 528.0 Measured

Physical Properties

Ash melting behaviour

American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
IDT (initial deformation temperature) °C 1 590
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) °C 1 620
HT (hemispherical temperature) °C 1 630
FT (fluid temperature) °C 1 650

Ash Properties

Ash composition
P2O5 wt% (ash) 3.00
SiO2 wt% (ash) 84.70
Al2O3 wt% (ash) 0.40
CaO wt% (ash) 2.50
MgO wt% (ash) 1.30
Na2O wt% (ash) 0.30
K2O wt% (ash) 4.70