reed canary grass, stems (#2059)
ID-number | #2059 |
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Material | reed canary grass, stems |
Classification | ECN Phyllis classification ▸ grass/plant ▸ reed |
NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [210] gras ▸ [219] overig gras | |
Submitter organisation | ECN (Netherlands) |
Submission date | 2001-04-04 |
Remarks | spring-harvested material from clayey silt with low humus (2% DM), pressed into briquettes. Data for stems with leaves in ID 2058 and for leaves in ID 2060. See also ID 2061, 2062. |
Literature | Paulrud,S; Nilsson,C: Briquetting and combustion of spring-harvested reed canary-grass: effect of fuel composition; Biomass & Bioenergy 20 (2001) 25-35 |
Values
Property | Unit | Value | Std dev | Det lim | Lab | Date | Method | Remarks | ||||||||||||
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ar | dry | daf | ||||||||||||||||||
Main biomass properties |
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Proximate analysis |
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Moisture content | wt% | 7.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ash content | wt% | 4.92 | 5.30 | |||||||||||||||||
Volatile matter | wt% | 74.24 | 80.00 | 84.48 | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed carbon | wt% | 13.64 | 14.70 | 15.52 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Ultimate analysis (macroelements) |
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Carbon | wt% | 42.69 | 46.00 | 48.57 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Hydrogen | wt% | 5.10 | 5.50 | 5.81 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Oxygen | wt% | 39.72 | 42.80 | 45.20 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Nitrogen | wt% | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.21 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Sulphur | wt% | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Total (with halides) | wt% | 99.91 | 99.90 | 99.89 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Halides |
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Chlorine (Cl) | mg/kg | 464.0 | 500.0 | 528.0 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Heating value |
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Net calorific value (LHV) | MJ/kg | 14.71 | 16.04 | 16.94 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross calorific value (HHV) | MJ/kg | 16.00 | 17.24 | 18.21 | ||||||||||||||||
HHVMilne | MJ/kg | 16.45 | 17.72 | 18.72 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Ash melting behaviour |
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American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions |
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IDT (initial deformation temperature) | °C | 1 590 | ||||||||||||||||||
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) | °C | 1 620 | ||||||||||||||||||
HT (hemispherical temperature) | °C | 1 630 | ||||||||||||||||||
FT (fluid temperature) | °C | 1 650 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ash Properties |
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Ash composition |
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P2O5 | wt% (ash) | 3.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
SiO2 | wt% (ash) | 84.70 | ||||||||||||||||||
Al2O3 | wt% (ash) | 0.40 | ||||||||||||||||||
CaO | wt% (ash) | 2.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
MgO | wt% (ash) | 1.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
Na2O | wt% (ash) | 0.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
K2O | wt% (ash) | 4.70 |