reed canary grass (#2058)
| ID-number | #2058 |
|---|---|
| Material | reed canary grass |
| Classification | ECN Phyllis classification ▸ grass/plant ▸ reed ▸ reed canary grass |
| NTA 8003 classification ▸ [200] biomassa uit land- en tuinbouw ▸ [210] gras ▸ [219] overig gras | |
| Ash type | ash deformation temperatures HT and FT above 1650°C |
| Submitter organisation | ECN (Netherlands) |
| Submission date | 2001-04-04 |
| Remarks | spring-harvested material from clayey silt with low humus (2% DM), pressed into briquettes. Data for stems in ID 2059 and for leaves in ID 2060. See also ID 2061, 2062. |
| Literature | Paulrud,S; Nilsson,C: Briquetting and combustion of spring-harvested reed canary-grass: effect of fuel composition; Biomass & Bioenergy 20 (2001) 25-35 |
Values
| Property | Unit | Value | Std dev | Det lim | Lab | Date | Method | Remarks | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ar | dry | daf | ||||||||||||||||||
Fuel Properties |
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Proximate Analysis |
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| Moisture content | wt% | 7.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ash content | wt% | 6.87 | 7.40 | |||||||||||||||||
| Volatile matter | wt% | 71.46 | 77.00 | 83.15 | ||||||||||||||||
| Fixed carbon | wt% | 14.48 | 15.60 | 16.85 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Ultimate Analysis |
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| Carbon | wt% | 41.76 | 45.00 | 48.60 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Hydrogen | wt% | 5.01 | 5.40 | 5.83 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Nitrogen | wt% | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.32 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Sulphur | wt% | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.08 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Oxygen | wt% | 38.51 | 41.50 | 44.82 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
| Total (with halides) | wt% | 99.73 | 99.71 | 99.69 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Calorific Values |
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| Net calorific value (LHV) | MJ/kg | 14.53 | 15.85 | 17.11 | ||||||||||||||||
| Gross calorific value (HHV) | MJ/kg | 15.80 | 17.03 | 18.39 | ||||||||||||||||
| HHVMilne | MJ/kg | 16.12 | 17.37 | 18.76 | Calculated | |||||||||||||||
Chemical Analyses |
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Halides |
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| Chlorine (Cl) | mg/kg | 371.2 | 400.0 | 432.0 | Measured | |||||||||||||||
Physical Properties |
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Ash melting behaviour |
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American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions |
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| IDT (initial deformation temperature) | °C | 1 630 | ||||||||||||||||||
| SOT (softening or spherical temperature) | °C | 1 640 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ash Properties |
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Ash composition |
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| P2O5 | wt% (ash) | 2.80 | ||||||||||||||||||
| SiO2 | wt% (ash) | 86.80 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Al2O3 | wt% (ash) | 0.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
| CaO | wt% (ash) | 2.40 | ||||||||||||||||||
| MgO | wt% (ash) | 1.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Na2O | wt% (ash) | 1.80 | ||||||||||||||||||
| K2O | wt% (ash) | 3.20 | ||||||||||||||||||