Main biomass properties
|
|
Proximate analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
38.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
10.05 |
16.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
26.42 |
43.10 |
51.56 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
3.49 |
5.70 |
6.82 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
20.78 |
33.90 |
40.55 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.43 |
0.70 |
0.84 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.06 |
0.10 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
99.94 |
99.90 |
99.88 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
28.2 |
46.0 |
55.0 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
9.38 |
16.84 |
20.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
11.09 |
18.09 |
21.64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
10.96 |
17.88 |
21.38 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 090 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 190 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 220 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 240 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ash Properties
|
|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
34.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
4.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
20.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
13.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|