Main biomass properties
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|
Proximate analysis
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| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
9.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
5.16 |
5.70 |
|
|
|
|
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|
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Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
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| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
42.08 |
46.50 |
49.31 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.16 |
5.70 |
6.04 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
37.65 |
41.60 |
44.11 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.36 |
0.40 |
0.42 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.04 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
99.95 |
99.95 |
99.94 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.80 |
17.72 |
18.79 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.16 |
18.96 |
20.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
16.54 |
18.27 |
19.38 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 260 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 520 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 560 |
|
|
|
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Ash Properties
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|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
2.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
72.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
5.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.40 |
|
|
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|