Main biomass properties
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|
Proximate analysis
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| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
7.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
7.83 |
8.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
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| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
43.01 |
46.70 |
51.04 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.43 |
5.90 |
6.45 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
32.79 |
35.60 |
38.91 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
2.86 |
3.10 |
3.39 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.15 |
0.16 |
0.17 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.29 |
100.31 |
100.34 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
3 223.5 |
3 500.0 |
3 825.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Heating value
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
16.10 |
17.69 |
19.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.48 |
18.98 |
20.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
17.47 |
18.97 |
20.73 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 550 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 580 |
|
|
|
|
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Ash Properties
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|
Ash composition
|
| |
CO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
22.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SO3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
1.90 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Cl |
wt%
(ash)
|
4.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
P2O5 |
wt%
(ash)
|
8.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
SiO2 |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fe2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Al2O3 |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
CaO |
wt%
(ash)
|
27.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
MgO |
wt%
(ash)
|
3.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Na2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
0.70 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
K2O |
wt%
(ash)
|
28.40 |
|
|
|
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|