Phyllis2

needles, pine (#1461)

ID-number	#1461
Material	needles, pine
Classification	ECN Phyllis classification ▸ untreated wood ▸ needles ▸ needles, pine
Classification	NTA 8003 classification ▸ [100] hout
Submitter organisation	ECN (Netherlands)
Submission date	1999-06-18
Literature	P. D. Grover: Thermochemical characteristics of biomass residues for gasification, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India (1989).

Property				Unit	Value			Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Property				Unit	ar	dry	daf	Std dev	Det lim	Lab	Date	Method	Remarks
Main biomass properties
	Proximate analysis
		Moisture content		wt% (ar)
		Ash content		wt%		1.50
		Volatile matter		wt%		72.40	73.50
		Fixed carbon		wt%		26.10	26.50					Calculated
	Ultimate analysis (macroelements)
		Carbon		wt%		48.21	48.94					Measured
		Hydrogen		wt%		6.57	6.67					Measured
		Oxygen		wt%		43.72	44.39					Calculated
		Total (with halides)		wt%		100.00	100.00					Calculated
	Heating value
		Net calorific value (LHV)		MJ/kg		18.69	18.97
		Gross calorific value (HHV)		MJ/kg		20.12	20.43
		HHV_Milne		MJ/kg		19.86	20.16					Calculated
	Ash melting behaviour
		American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
			IDT (initial deformation temperature)	°C	1 270
			FT (fluid temperature)	°C	1 370