Fuel Properties
|
|
Proximate Analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
6.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
3.37 |
3.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
74.56 |
80.00 |
83.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
15.27 |
16.38 |
17.00 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate Analysis
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
42.39 |
45.48 |
47.19 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.59 |
6.00 |
6.22 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.40 |
0.43 |
0.45 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.07 |
0.08 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
41.42 |
44.44 |
46.11 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
100.16 |
100.17 |
100.18 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Calorific Values
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.65 |
16.97 |
17.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
17.04 |
18.28 |
18.97 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
16.78 |
18.01 |
18.68 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
Chemical Analyses
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
1 193.0 |
1 280.0 |
1 328.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
|
14.9 |
16.0 |
16.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Major elements
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
136.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
4 800.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
750.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
7 700.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 170.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
650.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
110.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 150.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Minor elements
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
13.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
7.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Molybdenium (Mo) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Selenium (Se) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other elements
|
| |
Tin (Sn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
32.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Boron (B) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Antimony (Sb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 490 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 495 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 504 |
|
|
|
|
|
|