Fuel Properties
|
|
Proximate Analysis
|
| |
Moisture content |
wt%
|
7.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Ash content |
wt%
|
5.01 |
5.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Volatile matter |
wt%
|
70.22 |
76.00 |
80.36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Fixed carbon |
wt%
|
17.17 |
18.58 |
19.64 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Ultimate Analysis
|
| |
Carbon |
wt%
|
42.20 |
45.67 |
48.29 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Hydrogen |
wt%
|
5.37 |
5.81 |
6.14 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nitrogen |
wt%
|
0.50 |
0.54 |
0.57 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sulphur |
wt%
|
0.09 |
0.10 |
0.10 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Oxygen |
wt%
|
39.96 |
43.25 |
45.73 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Total (with halides) |
wt%
|
101.09 |
101.18 |
101.25 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
|
Calorific Values
|
| |
Net calorific value (LHV) |
MJ/kg
|
15.59 |
17.07 |
18.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross calorific value (HHV) |
MJ/kg
|
16.95 |
18.34 |
19.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
HHVMilne |
MJ/kg
|
16.57 |
17.93 |
18.96 |
|
|
|
|
Calculated |
|
Chemical Analyses
|
|
Halides
|
| |
Chlorine (Cl) |
mg/kg
|
3 603.6 |
3 900.0 |
4 123.5 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Fluorine (F) |
mg/kg
|
17.6 |
19.0 |
20.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Major elements
|
| |
Aluminium (Al) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Potassium (K) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
9 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Sodium (Na) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1 150.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Calcium (Ca) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
9 600.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Silicon (Si) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
3 300.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Magnesium (Mg) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
930.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Iron (Fe) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
190.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Phosphorus (P) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
970.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Titanium (Ti) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
14.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
|
Minor elements
|
| |
Arsenic (As) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cadmium (Cd) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cobalt (Co) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Chromium (Cr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Copper (Cu) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Manganese (Mn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
6.8 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Nickel (Ni) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Lead (Pb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Vanadium (V) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Zinc (Zn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Barium (Ba) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Molybdenium (Mo) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Selenium (Se) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other elements
|
| |
Tin (Sn) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
| |
Strontium (Sr) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
38.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Boron (B) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
16.0 |
|
|
|
|
Measured |
|
| |
Antimony (Sb) |
mg/kg
(dry)
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
|
Physical Properties
|
|
Ash melting behaviour
|
| |
American standard method, measured in oxidizing conditions
|
| | |
IDT (initial deformation temperature) |
°C
|
1 344 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
SOT (softening or spherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 372 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
HT (hemispherical temperature) |
°C
|
1 384 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
FT (fluid temperature) |
°C
|
1 402 |
|
|
|
|
|
|